CBSE Class 10 Political Science, Chapter 5 Popular Struggles and Movements - NCERT Solutions

 

Chapter 5 Democratic Politics II 

(NCERT Social Political Science)

Class 10 Popular Struggles and Movements

NCERT Solutions of Textbook Exercise Questions

Question 1: In what ways do pressure groups and movements exert influence on politics?
Solution:
1. They try to gain public support and sympathy for their goals by carrying out information campaigns, organising meetings, filing petitions, etc.
2.  Most of these groups try to influence the media into giving more attention to these issues.
3.  They often organise protest activities like strikes and other disruptions in order to attract government authorities towards their demand.
4.  Influencing through political parties and lobbying etc.

Question 2: Describe the forms of relationship between pressure groups and political parties?
Solution: Forms of relationship between pressure groups and political parties:
1.    There are instances when pressure groups are formed or led by the leaders of political parties or act as extended arms of political parties.
2.     There are instances when political parties grow out of movements. For example, formation of Asom Gana Parishad from movements of students in Assam.
3.     In most cases, the movement groups raise new issues that are taken up by the political parties.
4.     Most of the new leadership of political parties comes from interest or movement groups.

Question 3: Explain how the activities of pressure groups are useful in the functioning of a democratic government.
Solution:
1. Pressure groups and movements have deepened democracy in many ways. Putting pressure on the rulers is not an unhealthy activity in a democracy as long as everyone gets opportunity.
2.  Governments can often come under undue pressure from small groups of rich and powerful people. Public interest groups and movements perform a useful role of countering these undue influences and reminding the government of the needs and concerns of ordinary citizens.
3. Even the sectional interest groups play a valuable role. Where different groups function actively, no single group can achieve dominance over one society. If one group brings pressure on government to make policies in its favour, another will bring counter pressure, not to make policies in the way first group desires. The government gets to hear about different sections of the populations what they want.

Question 4: What is a pressure group? Give a few examples.
Solution: Pressure groups are organisations that seek government help and also attempt to influence the laws and policies of the government for the promotion of its interests. These organisations are formed when people with common occupation, interest, aspirations or opinions come together in order to achieve a common adjective. For example – Movement for Right to Information, FEDCOR, BAMCEF, professional bodies of doctors, teachers, labours etc.

Question 5: What is the difference between a pressure group and a political party?
Solution:
1. The difference between a pressure group and a political party is that pressure groups raise social issues concerning people without having political power in their hand, while political party contest elections and form government.
2. Political parties are accountable to the people but pressure groups are not accountable to the people.
3. Political parties are formal, well-organised and a part of the nation’s political system while the pressure groups are informal, not so-organised and closed groups.

Question 6: Organisations that undertake activities to promote the interests of specific social sections such as workers, employees, teachers and lawyers are called _________ groups.
Solution: Sectional interest.

Question 7: Which among the following is the special feature that distinguishes a pressure group form a political party?
1. Parties take political stances, while pressure groups do not bother about political issues.
2. Pressure groups are confined to a few people, while parties involve larger number of people.
3. Pressure groups do not seek to get into power, while political parties do.
4. Pressure groups do not seek to mobilise people, while parties do.
Solution: 3. Pressure groups do not seek into power, while political parties do.

Question 8: Match List I (organisations and struggles) with List II and select the correct Solution using the codes given below the lists:

List I
List II

1.
Organisations that seek to promote the interest of a particular section or group
A. Movement

2.
Organisations that seek to promote common interest
B. Political parties

3.
Struggles launched for the resolution of a social problem with or without an organisational structure
C. Sectional interest groups
4.
Organisations that mobilise people with a view to win political power
D. Public interest groups


1
2
3
4
(a)
C
D
B
A
(b)
C
D
A
B
(c)
D
C
B
A
(d)
B
C
D
A
Solution: (b) C, D, A, B

Question 9: Match List I with List II and select the correct Solution using the codes given below the lists:
List I
List II
1. Pressure group
A. Narmada Bachao Andolan
2. Long term movement
B. Asom Gana Parishad
3. Single issue movement
C. Women’s movement
4. Political party
D. Fertiliser dealers’ association


1
2
3
4
(a)
D
C
A
B
(b)
B
A
D
C
(c)
C
D
B
A
(d)
B
D
C
A

Solution: (a) D, C, A, B

Question 10: Consider the following statements about pressure groups and parties.
A. Pressure groups are organised expression of the interests and views of specific social sections.
B. Pressure groups take positions on political issues.
C. All pressure groups are political parties.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) A, B, and C. (b) A and B. (c) B and C. (d) A and C.
Solution: (b) A and B.

Question 11: Mewat is one of the most backward areas in Haryana. It used to be a part of district Gurgaon and Faridabad. The people of Mewat felt that the area will get better attention if it were to become a separate district. But political parties were indifferent to this sentiment. The demand for a separate district was raised by Mewat Educational and Social Organisation and Mewat Saksharta Samiti in 1996. Later Mewat Vikas Sabha was founded in 2000 and carried out a series of public awareness campaigns. This forced both the major parties, Congress and the Indian National Lok Dal to announce their support for the new district before the assembly elections held in February 2005. The new district came into existence in July 2005.
Solution:
1. This example reflects that when a movement gets its base among majority of the people, it becomes in the interest of the political parties to give their support to the movement. Also, it becomes necessary for the government to accommodate such demands, if it wishes to continue in power.
2. The example of Asom Gana Parishad formed out of AASU. AASU was initially a pressure group and fighting against the infiltration of foreigners from Bangladesh into Assam. This ultimately led to the formation of Asom Gana Parishad, a political party which won elections and formed government.

Class 10 Popular Struggles and Movements (Related Posts)

·          Popular Struggles and Movements - Class 10 Democratic Politics II (NCERT Social - Political Science) - CBSE Guess Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ)  (to be published soon)




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