CBSE, Class X, Democratic Politics - II (Political Science)
POLITICAL PARTIES
NCERT (CBSE) solutions for Textbook Exercise Questions
Q.1: State the various functions political parties perform in a democracy. [Short question up to 2 Marks]
Ans: Following are the major functions performed by political parties:
a. They contest elections.
b. They put forward different policies and programmes among which the voters opt.
c. They play a decisive role in making laws for the country.
d. The party or parties with majority seats form and run the government.
e. They also play the role of opposition.
f. They shape public opinion.
g. They provide people access to government machinery and welfare schemes.
Q.2: What are the various challenges faced by political parties? [Short question up to 2 Marks]
Ans: (a) The parties are lacking internal democracy, which keeps many prospective leaders deprived of their rights.
(b) There have been dynastic successions in the political parties. This keeps the parties deprived of apt leadership.
(c) The parties sometimes, indulge in the use of money and muscle power for wining elections. This hampers development and is against the spirit of democracy.
(d) There are not much ideological differences among the various parties. So, there is a lack of meaningful choices before the voters.
Q.3: Suggest some reforms to strengthen parties so that they perform their functions well.
Ans: Suggestions to reform political parties –
(i) It should be made necessary for political parties to regulate the internal affairs of political parties. It should be made compulsory for political parties to maintain a register of its members.
(ii) Parties should be asked to give at least one third of the seats to women.
(iii) There should be state funding of elections. The government should give parties money to meet their election expenses.
(iv) Ordinary citizens, media, and movements can play an important role by pressurizing parties to bring in reforms.
Q.4: What is a Political Party?
Ans: A political party is a group of people with common ideology who come together to contest elections, and hold power in the government. A political party has three components –
1. The leaders
2. The active members
3. The followers.
Q.5: What are the characteristics of a political party?
Ans: Following are some characteristics of a political party –
1. They agree on some policies and programmes for the society with a view to promote collective good.
2. Since there are different views on what is good for all, parties try to persuade people why their policies are better than others.
3. They seek to implement these policies by winning popular support through elections.
4. Parties are a part of society and thus involve partisanship.
5. A party is generally known by what it stands for, which policies it supports and whose interests it upholds.
6. A party runs with the help of its leaders, active members, and supporters.
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